一个近似的VTI介质声波方程   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

黄翼坚  朱光明  刘池洋 《地球物理学报》2011,54(8):2117-2123

声学近似是提高各向异性介质准纵波数值模拟和偏移处理计算速度的有效方法之一.为了获得VTI(具有垂直对称轴的横向各向同性)介质声波方程,根据VTI介质的精确相速度表达式,用待定系数法简化其中的根号项,得到一个近似相速度公式,由此公式通过反Fourier变换推导出一个时间二阶、空间四阶偏微分方程.定量相速度计算表明,当Th...  相似文献   

Predicting the equilibrium bed slope in natural streams using a stochastic model for incipient sediment motion     

Vito Ferro  Paolo Porto 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(8):1007-1022

In this paper, a method to predict the equilibrium bed slope in natural streams based on the incipient motion criterion is proposed. The method is based on the criterion suggested by Gessler to simulate the grain size distribution of the armour coat using the concept of critical shear stress of a sediment mixture. In particular, a different expression of the probability for a single particle size to be part of the armour coat is firstly proposed; then, a simple two‐steps criterion is suggested to estimate the safety factor required by the proposed approach. The method is applied in three different Italian regions (Calabria, Basilicata, and Tuscany) and required several field campaigns involving the survey of 251 stream reaches upstream of grade‐control structures. The area including five Calabrian streams is firstly used to test the suitability of the two‐steps approach. In this area, considering the detailed information about the particle size of bed material, the effect of using a simplified grain size distribution for each torrent is also checked. The method is then applied within the two additional areas (Basilicata and Tuscany) in order to check the geographic influence on the prediction of the stable longitudinal profile. A comparison between measured and estimated values of the equilibrium bed slope showed a good agreement for the Calabrian streams, where the number of the investigated stream reaches is greater, and satisfactory results for the torrents located in Basilicata and Tuscany where the field data set is more limited. The overall results encourage the extension of the proposed method to additional field data and suggest the use of this approach by hydraulic designers in order to stabilize the longitudinal profile of natural streams. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Modeling discrete gas bubble formation and mobilization during subsurface heating of contaminated zones     

Magdalena M. Krol 《Advances in water resources》2011,34(4):537-549

During thermal remediation the increase in subsurface temperature can lead to bubble formation and mobilization. In order to investigate the effect of gas formation on resulting aqueous concentrations, a 2D finite difference flow and mass transport model was developed which incorporates a macroscopic invasion percolation (MIP) model to simulate bubble expansion and movement. The model was used to simulate three soil scenarios with different permeabilities and entry pressures at various operating temperatures and groundwater velocities. It was observed that discrete bubble formation occurred in all three soils, upward mobility being limited by lower temperatures and higher entry pressures. Bubble mobilization resulted in a different aqueous mass distribution than if no discrete gas formation was modeled, especially at higher temperatures. This was a result of bubbles moving upwards to cooler areas, then collapsing, and contaminating previously clean zones. The cooling effect also led to possible non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) formation which was not predicted using a model without discrete bubble formation.  相似文献   

Imaging the mantle transition zone beneath eastern and central China with CEArray receiver functions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xinling Wang  Fenglin Niu 《地震学报(英文版)》2011,(1):65-75

We analyzed a total of 37 427 receiver-function data recorded by national and regional broadband seismic networks of the China Earthquake Administration to study the mantle transition zone beneath eastern and central China.Significant topography on both the 410-km and 660-km discontinuities was clearly imaged in the 3D volume of CCP (common-conversion-point) stacked images that cover an area of 102.5 E-122.5 E and 22.0 N-42.0 N.3D crustal and mantle velocity models were used in computing the Ps time moveout...  相似文献   

InSAR相位解缠算法的分析评价     

曹振坦  刘国林  郝华东 《全球定位系统》2011,36(6):32-36

相位解缠是合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术（InSAR）数据处理过程中的关键步骤,相位解缠算法的选取关系到InSAR最终成果数字方程模型（DEM）或者形变量的精度。介绍了相位解缠的基本原理,利用基于路径跟踪、最小范数和网络流思想的8种解缠算法对加拿大魁北克地区合成孔径雷达（SAR）干涉图进行相位解缠,通过不同的评价指标对解缠结果进行了评价比较。实验结果表明：Flynn最小不连续法、最小Lp范数法和Snaphu网络流法具有较好的稳定性和适应性。  相似文献   

基于"当前"统计模型的载体速度计算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范龙  柴洪洲  欧阳永忠 《测绘科学》2011,36(2):59-61

本文通过分析描述载体运动的"当前"统计模型,设计了基于"当前"统计模型计算载体速度的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法.利用航空飞行实验中获得的相位观测值,进行时序差分得出相位率,并对其组双差,获得计算速度的双差多普勒频移值,使用设计的算法进行计算分析,同时与常加速度模型的滤波结果做了比较.结果表明在静态和动态情况下,"当前"统计模...  相似文献   

GPS软件接收机精确载波频率捕获算法分析与实现     

刘宁  刘雪瑞 《全球定位系统》2011,36(2):36-39

采用基于快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的并行码相位搜索捕获算法实现GPS信号的捕获,根据相位关系对载波频率进行精化,使其满足跟踪模块的需求。在分析算法的基础上,通过对模拟信号和实测数据进行捕获实验,实现了对载波频率的精化,获得精确频率可直接用于后续跟踪环路。  相似文献   

卫星编队InSAR系统分辨率设计     

田育民  楼良盛  陈萍 《测绘学院学报》2011,(2)

依据脉冲信号压缩技术,从SAR成像理论出发,在介绍了SAR分辨率定义的基础上,分析了影响基于卫星编队InSAR系统分辨率的原因是存在距离向和方位向基线。在成像处理时,为了确保干涉相位精度,需进行去相关预滤波处理,由此引起系统成像带宽变窄,分辨率下降。依据影响分辨率的原因,提出了基于卫星编队InSAR系统分辨率设计思想,并根据该思想对分辨率的影响情况进行了分析。  相似文献   

利用量化质量图和优先队列的快速相位解缠算法     

钟何平  唐劲松  张森  陈鸣 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(3):342-345

提出了一种量化质量引导的快速相位解缠算法。在质量图中采用整数表示相应相位点的质量,引入由静态数组和双链表组成的优先队列,建立相位质量与静态数组下标的对应关系,利用双链表保存具有相同质量值的相位点,保证了所有相位点按照质量值的非递减顺序排列,极大地提高了传统质量引导相位解缠算法的效率。对InSAR和仿真InSAS数据的实验证明了该算法的高效性。  相似文献   

相空间重构在滑坡预测中的应用     

汤俊  邹自力  张晓平 《地理空间信息》2011,9(1):139-142

针对滑坡位移时间序列的非线性特性,引入基于相空间重构和最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)的预测法.利用Cao氏方法确定嵌入维数,根据互信息法计算最佳延迟时间;然后在相空间中,利用最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)建立预测模型,对滑坡进行了实证计算,且与LSSVM模型和BP神经网络模型进行了比较.结果表明,模型具有较高的精度...  相似文献